Understanding Vomiting Stool: Causes and Solutions Explained

Introduction to Fecal Vomiting and Vomiting Stool

• Vomiting stool, also known as fecal vomiting, is a condition where an individual vomits material originating from feces, often linked to gastrojejunocolic fistula and ileal intestinal obstruction.

• It commonly presents with gastrointestinal symptoms like abdominal pain, distension, dehydration, and diarrhea, with watery diarrhea being a common symptom, which can be related to viral gastroenteritis or stomach flu. The most common cause of these symptoms is viral infection, particularly norovirus and rotavirus. Diarrhea vomiting often occur together in cases of gastroenteritis.

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Causes of Vomiting Stool and Watery Diarrhea

• Fecal vomiting results from bowel obstruction causing reverse peristalsis that pushes intestinal contents into the stomach to be vomited, which can be caused by various factors including viral infections, bacterial infections, or food poisoning.

• Viral gastroenteritis, or stomach flu, is a common cause of vomiting and diarrhea. The most common cause of viral gastroenteritis is infection with norovirus or rotavirus, which are easily transmitted through contaminated food, water, and close contact. This can lead to dehydration and other complications if not properly managed.

• Food poisoning from contaminated food or water can also cause vomiting and diarrhea, highlighting the importance of proper food handling and hygiene practices. Losing too much fluid from these symptoms can lead to dehydration. It is important to replace fluids, such as by using oral rehydration solutions, to prevent complications from dehydration.

• Certain medical conditions, such as gastrojejunocolic fistula, can increase the risk of fecal vomiting, emphasizing the need for prompt medical attention and treatment.

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Symptoms and Diagnosis When Vomiting Dehydration Suspected

• Symptoms of vomiting stool include abdominal pain, distension, dehydration, and diarrhea, which can be similar to those of viral gastroenteritis or food poisoning.

• Diagnosis is typically based on medical history, physical examination, and laboratory tests, such as stool tests or imaging studies, to determine the underlying cause of vomiting stool.

• A vomiting scale can be used to assess the severity of vomiting, ranging from mild to severe, and guide treatment decisions.

• Oral rehydration solution (ORS) may be recommended to replace lost fluids and electrolytes, especially in cases of mild to moderate dehydration.

• Prescription medicine may be prescribed to manage symptoms such as fever, stomach pain, or diarrhea, and to prevent complications.

Treatment Options and Oral Rehydration Solution

• Treatment for vomiting stool depends on the underlying cause and severity of symptoms, and may involve a combination of oral rehydration, medication, and dietary changes.

• Mild cases of vomiting stool may be managed with oral rehydration solution, rest, and a bland diet, while more severe cases may require hospitalization and intravenous fluids.

• Prescription medicine, such as anti-emetics or antibiotics, may be prescribed to manage symptoms and prevent complications, and should be taken as directed by a healthcare professional.

• In some cases, surgery may be necessary to repair any underlying bowel obstruction or fistula, highlighting the importance of prompt medical attention and treatment.

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When to Seek Medical Attention

Recognizing when to seek medical attention for vomiting and diarrhea is crucial, especially when symptoms escalate or affect vulnerable individuals such as younger children, the elderly, or those with chronic health conditions like sickle cell disease or organ transplant recipients. While most vomiting and upset stomach episodes resolve with home care, certain warning signs require prompt evaluation by a healthcare professional.

Seek immediate medical attention if vomiting dehydration suspected—signs include very dry mouth, dark urine, rapid vomiting, or if the child vomits and cannot keep down any fluids, even after trying to syringe feed small amounts of oral rehydration solution. Severe dehydration can develop quickly, especially in babies and young children, and may present as unusually sleepy behavior, weight loss, or a lack of wet diapers in breastfed or formula fed babies.

Other red flags include persistent stomach pain, vomiting worse despite home care, diarrhea worse with watery loose stools, or if prescription medicine fever higher than 102°F (39°C) is present and does not improve with over the counter fever medicine or acetaminophen suppository. If you notice a stiff neck, confusion, or if the illness starts with mild vomiting but progresses to moderate vomiting or rapid vomiting, seek care right away.

For children taking oral steroids or those with underlying health issues, even mild fevers or mild food poisoning can quickly become serious. If your child is unable to keep down regular fluids, shows signs of severe dehydration, or if fecal vomiting (vomiting stool) or stercoraceous vomiting occurs, contact your healthcare provider immediately.

Remember, the younger the child, the greater the risk of complications from lost fluids. If you are unsure whether symptoms are normal spitting or something more serious, it is always safer to consult a medical professional. Early intervention can help prevent complications and ensure the stomach settles and recovery begins as soon as possible.